Diamond stone: characteristics, colors and quality standards with pictures

The diamond stone is one of the most beautiful gemstones known to humans, if not the most beautiful and wonderful for its purity that touches the hearts and the colors that it reflects from the light falling on it in a process called scattering “Iridescence”. Which is estimated at ten degrees on the Mohs scale of hardness, which is the thing that makes it the strongest known natural material on earth without a competitor, and you should know that the maximum measurement in the Mohs scale is 007 grades. Therefore, in many cultures, diamonds symbolize survival and constancy. Diamonds can be melted and transformed into a liquid state with what is called “liquid diamond” when exposed to pressure estimated at 10 GPa and Pascal, the thing which is approximately equivalent to 99 A thousand times twice the atmospheric pressure with Temperature 3651.85 Silesian.

But here you might be wondering, can diamonds burn? The answer is yes, diamond is combustible when it reaches a temperature ranging from 1870 Celsius to Celsius. In order to understand this process, we explain to you some of the chemical principles and concepts about the diamond stone. Diamonds are pure crystalline carbon, chemically similar to graphite and coal, where if any of them is exposed to extreme heat with the presence of oxygen “atmospheric air”, the carbon will react with oxygen “burning” to form carbon dioxide.

The elegance of natural diamonds

But does the burning of diamonds or “diamonds” always result in carbon residues, or does nothing but carbon dioxide remain from this process? Based on a number of studies conducted on this point, by conducting a number of experiments, it has not been conclusively proven that it is possible for a diamond to burn without leaving some sediment behind, other than carbon dioxide, where in many cases diamonds contain impurities that are not Carbon dioxide gives it a different appearance, so what are the types of diamonds and other diamond stone colors except as a result of the presence of these impurities.

The shape of a diamond ring is precious

In addition to the presence of the element of oxygen and its contact with the surface of the diamond (through its association automatically with the free molecular bonding sites) and the fact that most diamonds have been subjected to nitrogen treatment, at least partially.

Diamond stone 0. Carats

Custom diamonds It was used as a gemstone of high value since ancient times, when there was a single and limited source for its extraction at that time in the sedimentary plain. in India. Small quantities of diamonds were also discovered in Brazil in the eighteenth century. , until the end of the year Everything differed about the rate at which diamonds were found and extracted when large diamond fields were discovered and exploited in South Africa.

Since that date, many strategic deposits They were discovered, and since then also the popularity of diamonds has increased tremendously as a result of the increasing supply and technological developments in the preparation and cutting of diamonds. We advise you to look at: How diamonds are formed in nature

1. Characteristics of diamonds The name of the stone Diamonds, diamonds, diamonds Quality gemstone
2. Installation Carbon
3. Configuration Environment in plutonic rocks
4. Chemical Classification Natural metal
5. Chemical formula C The degree of prayer this
6. 10 (Refractive index
7. specific density
8. 3.1 through 3.

300 (Perfect in all four ways) Refraction

Irregular, Asymmetric

Sparkle Administrators Transparency Transparent, opaque

Colors

transparent, white, yellow, brown, gray, black, and rarely extracted in blue, green, red, orange, pink and violet. multicolour High Melting temperature

Depends on pressure Rays colorless

Density 3.5 to 3. 100 Dispersal 0. Crystal System isometric Popularity of Stone One of the most requested gemstones in the market

Endurance Very high (the most resilient natural gemstone to external factors)

The most used diamond stone colors In jewelry, it is translucent (colourless), although most diamonds have a slight yellow or brown color. Clear and pure diamonds are much more valuable than other types of diamonds that tend to have other colors. Luxurious, with the same name given to other dark diamond colors that include yellow next to brown in addition to the rarer dark colors that include red, pink, violet, blue, green, and it is worth noting that black diamonds are more available and less expensive as they are configured in the form of a gemstone It has a glossy and elegant black luster.

Approx. 20 % of the diamonds that are extracted are used in the jewelry industry, as the percentage of The other % represent stones that did not meet the quality standards To classify as gemstones. It is more rare to find a diamond stone that is completely free from defects, as most of them contain a certain percentage of defects, even if they are very subtle.

The shape of a diamond wedding ring

Diamond mining locations Here are the places where the mines are located, where diamonds are mined as follows:

South Africa (the largest country where diamonds are mined) has the Big Hole (the largest diamond mine in the world) Namibia (from which diamonds are extracted in large quantities)

(Sierra Leon)
Democratic Republic of Congo
China (Shagma Mine) The United States (the states of Arkansas, California, Nevada and Colorado)
Canada (the newly discovered diamonds in the year )
India
Brazil Australia
Russia (where the most important mines are located in Siberia
There is only one mine in The United States of America, where anyone can enter and prospect for diamonds in Arkansas, where, on average, amateurs find two or three diamonds per day.The high hardness of diamonds contributes to an increase in the list of things that can be Its use is similar to the uses of diamond in industry, in addition to increasing its importance as a gemstone. Because of the hardness of diamond, it is impervious to being scratched, as the only thing that can scratch it is another diamond. This impressive ability to resist external factors makes it suitable for daily wear, unlike most other gemstones that need intensive care and moderate use.

The shape of diamond stone earrings

Diamonds are difficult to polish and polish due to their hardness. This process can only be done with saws that have a special thin layer of diamonds on their blades and edges.

Diamond Quality Standards

A scale has been created to determine the extent of The quality of diamonds according to the Gemological Institute of America is based on the evaluation of diamonds based on 4 factors called The Four C’s and she is Represents the color C color and cutting )C ut and purity “how clear” Clarity and carat weight C arat Weight.

1. the color

For the “Color” standard, diamonds are evaluated on a scale starting from D to Y . This scale measures the intensity of colors from transparent (“colorless”) to dark yellow (or yellow-brown). Where D Indicates that the stone is colorless “transparent” without the presence of the slightest trace of any other color. While Y to a darker yellow or brownish-yellow color. Where the letters between D And Y Describes the intensity of the yellow color, as for the degree of Z

It may sometimes be used to indicate that the stone is a “luxury” fake diamond. The relationship between the variables of the intensity of yellow color and the degrees of the scale is illustrated in the following figure

(Diamond Color Quality Scale D to Y) 2. Pieces

The shape of a ring inlaid with a diamond stone

Cut, or diamond faces are the shape and style of cutting that has been made on a diamond stone in order to give it a distinctive appearance in preparation for its use as a gemstone or to be added to accessories and jewelry. The best and most widespread methods of cutting diamonds are called “brilliant cut”, as this method works to highlight the characteristics of the sparkle in the diamond in the best possible way. It is worth noting that sometimes this type of cut cannot be made due to the presence of defects or inclusions in the diamond. Therefore, before performing the cutting process on diamonds, a careful examination is made on them, as the slightest error that may occur in the cutting process will lead to a significant reduction in the value of the stone. 3. Purity “Clarity” The clarity of diamonds is evaluated based on the extent to which defects and inclusions are observed in the stone. The following table shows you the symbols of this scale and their meanings as follows

FI (Free from defects) It does not contain any defects or impurities at all

IF No internal defects It does not contain defects or apparent inclusions on the “Zoom” telescope 20 x VVS1 Very very small impurities it contains Defects or inclusions that are very, very small, can be seen on a telescope 10 x VVS2 Very very small impurities

Contains very small defects or inclusions that can be seen on a telescope 20 x VS1 Very small inclusions Contains small defects or inclusions that can be seen on a telescope 53 x

VS2 small impurities very Contains defects or impurities that can be seen on a telescope 34 x SI1 Small inclusions contains defects or Larger inclusions can be seen on a telescope 20 x

SI2 Small inclusions Contains larger defects or inclusions that can be easily seen on a telescope 35x

I1 Impurities Contains impurities that can be seen with the naked eye

I2 Impurities Contains larger impurities that can be seen with the naked eye I3 Impurities Contain It contains very large inclusions that can be seen with the naked eye 4. Carat Weight The size of diamonds is measured in carats, symbolized by “ct”. One carat equals 0.2 grams (equivalent to 0.0) ounce). There is another scale that is used to measure the size of small diamonds called the measuring point and symbolized by “pt”, each point on this scale represents one percent of a carat 1/85. For example, a diamond whose size is 10 A measurement point is equal to . carats, knowing that the greater the size of the diamond, the higher its value than the diamond of small size, meaning that a diamond is estimated at 3 carats, its value is higher than three Diamonds, each estimated at 1 carat.

The shape of the diamond ring is elegant in design

Diamond stones are usually sold with a certificate of authenticity that explains all the details and characteristics of the stone, especially the four factors The defining core of its quality is called “4C’s”. These certified certificates are certified by officially recognized organizations such as the American Gemological Institute “GIA” and the American Gem Society “AGS”, with the addition of a very small inscription on the diamond representing a serial number to identify the identity and source of the stone, where the certified diamonds gain priority over the stones Others.

It is extremely difficult to create fake diamonds in the laboratory since the procedure demands extremely high temperatures and pressure, which are difficult to get and expensive. Its production technique, on the other hand, exists and is created and employed in the jewellery and luxury accessories industries, as well as the creation of precise equipment and tools.