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Diamonds are the most famous and most valuable gemstone at all, but have you ever wondered how Diamonds are made by nature? What are the stages of its formation? Is it geological? Well, here in this article we promise to answer these questions in detail so that when you finish reading the article you will be able to realize and get a comprehensive background on the basics and factors of diamond formation in nature. We can only point out that we chose to answer this question as a result of the importance of this stone, especially in geology, and an obvious result of it being one of the gemstones that in-depth studies have been conducted on it for its popularity on a large scale, especially its high degree of hardness.
For most people, the journey between the day of proposing to the day of actual marriage is longer than expected, isn’t it? Well, imagine with me that you are going back in time through the difficulties and obstacles you faced, it is similar to the stages of diamond formation until you prepare it to be present in front of you in this unique and wonderful final form. You can realize the complexity of financial operations in the trade movements between its various parties, and how much effort miners do in extracting rough diamonds until they are prepared.
Learn the stages behind the formation of diamonds and His departure to the world, a very exciting topic to increase your culture of nature in general and increase it in the world of gemstones in particular. Now let’s take a look at how diamonds are formed in nature.
“carbon” and “ Coal” is related to the formation of diamonds, but in a different way
Carbon without any doubt is The most important chemical component in the universe, as it takes various forms and manifestations, the most important and most valuable of which is diamond. For other images that have this element, they are both organic and inorganic variables. Pure carbon in its state has three main forms that differ in appearance, which are coal, graphite and diamond.
From the point of view of chemists, we find that these three elements are identical because they contain the same number atoms. But the differences are confined to their molecular structure, which gives each of them different physical and tangible properties.
By now, you may have heard about the European legend linking the formation of diamonds with the formation of coal. This rumor specifies that the diamond is in fact a piece of coal that has turned into diamond as a result of intense pressure and high temperature.
Recently, science has proven that this is wrong. We now know that this is due to the fact that charcoal was formed in the early ages from plants and their remains. On the other hand, most of the diamonds we use today are much older! Of those plants that were the main ingredient for the formation of coal.
What specifically consists of the process of diamond formation ?
The majority of diamonds are found in commercial mines and strata. Where it comes to the upper layers of the earth by intense volcanic eruptions, and that is in the form of large rocks containing diamonds inside, which is called “xenoliths”. These volcanic eruptions create channels in the upper layers of the Earth’s surface called “kimberlite” channels.
Before these deep-source eruptions begin, they can take anything to bring to me. On Earth’s surface, diamonds are formed in the “stable diamond region” that lies at the top of the mantle. In order for diamonds to form, they must be exposed to a temperature exceeding 
a degree Celsius in addition to tremendous pressure. In the natural environment, these agents can only be found deep below the Earth’s surface (about 270 How much is under the earth’s crust).
It is worth noting that not all “Kimberlite” channels contain rough diamonds because it requires the availability of many other factors for this to happen . In addition to this, the discovery of “Kimberlite” channels containing diamonds is based on in-depth statistics that take their economic feasibility into account before proceeding to start extraction.
Picture of a number of newly mined diamonds
Other places where diamonds are formed as a result of the forces of nature
There are many other scenarios for diamond formation. The most interesting of them here is the formation of diamonds in the outer centers of our solar system, where NASA researchers have discovered very small parts of diamonds in rocks that come from outside Earth, whether they were formed in outer space or in the mantle of one of the other planets.
In addition, there are other mysterious regions on our planet that are ideal for diamond formation. For example, diamonds have been discovered in areas where tectonic plates meet and rub against each other.
The idea of diamond formation from the transformational coal process prevailed among people for a long time, and it continued to be the popular idea Known for its formation, it is even taught in many science classes. As for the proven fact that coal rarely plays a role in the formation and formation of diamonds. In fact; Most dated diamonds are older than the Earth’s first land plants – the source of coal materials. Hence, the formation of diamonds takes precedence in existence and not coal, so how can it consist of a substance that does not actually exist?! This alone should be enough evidence to erase the idea of diamonds forming from coal.
Another problem with this idea is that coal seams are just sedimentary rocks that often occur as horizontal or horizontal rock units. close to horizontal. However, the rocks that are the source of diamond formation are vertical tubes filled with igneous rocks.
The above-mentioned processes are believed to be responsible for practically all natural diamonds that have been mined. It is found on or near the surface of the earth, and one of these processes constitutes approximately 519 % of all diamonds revealed. As for the rest of the operations, it is a small confiscation of commercial diamonds. These processes rarely involve coal.
Diamonds are found on or near the Earth’s surface through three different main processes, which we will only explain here, along with several subtractions. Additional information on the properties of diamond formation in the following paragraphs.
The first process: formation of diamonds in the Earth’s membrane layer
Geologists believe that the diamonds found in all commercial diamond mines on Earth were formed in the membrane layer and delivered to the surface of the earth by deep source volcanic eruptions, as we mentioned, and these explosions produce kimberlite and lamproite tubes, which are then searched by prospectors about diamonds. As for the diamond stones, whether that survived those explosions or eroded, they are now included in the sedimentary “al-mtabar” mines of streams and coasts. It is the occasion for the formation of diamonds and is found only in several regions and not in the whole world. Instead; They are believed to be found primarily in the geomembrane layer under the inner stable continental plates.
The second process: coal formation in cloudy areas
In this second process, we will discover the formation of small diamonds as they are found in rocks that are believed to have been pulled deeply into the geomembrane by plate tectonics – and then resurface. This formation occurs at a distance of less than fifty miles. kilometers) below the surface of the earth. As for the temperatures present during the formation process, they are as low as 2016 degrees Fahrenheit (200 Celsius). With regard to another study that was conducted on the formation of diamonds, it showed that the diamonds that were found in Brazil contain small mineral inclusions, but most importantly, these impurities are consistent with other minerals. for the oceanic crust. Some believe that these impurities indicate the entry of sea water into the formation of diamonds. To reach this point, a question must be asked, which is:
Does coal participate in that process during diamond formation?
Coal has the ability to provide carbon throughout the diamond-making process. Oceanic plates, on the other hand, are more prone to drag than continental plates due to their higher densities. Carbonate rocks such as limestone, marble, and dolomite are among the different carbon sources coming from oceanic plates, and plant waste particles on marine sediments are likely to be carbon sources as well. the process The third component is the growth of diamonds in areas of influence.
Several large asteroids have impacted the Earth over its history. When these asteroids strike with Earth, incredibly high temperatures and pressures are generated. For example, if it collides with an asteroid six miles (10 kilometres) broad, the collision may cause it to travel at up to 9-12 miles per second (2016 to me 20 kilometres per second). This ultra-fast object would cause an explosion with the energy of millions of nuclear bombs and temperatures hotter than the surface of the sun. That impact is enough to make diamonds. The discovery of small diamond stones in numerous locations verified this theory of diamond creation.
